Selenium 4 Relative Locators – above, below, near, toRightOf, toLeftOf (Complete Guide)

By Bhau Automation Lab • Selenium 4 New Locators with Practical Examples

🎯 What You Will Learn in This Video

• What are Relative Locators in Selenium 4 (Friendly Locators)
• How to use above(), below(), near(), toRightOf(), toLeftOf()
• Difference between Selenium 3 locators and Selenium 4 Relative Locators
• Find elements using position of other elements
• Practical examples of Selenium 4 Relative Locators in Java

💡 Pro Tip: Use Relative Locators when unique attributes (id, name, xpath) are not available on web elements.

📌 What are Relative Locators in Selenium 4?

Relative Locators (previously called Friendly Locators) allow you to locate web elements based on their relative position to other elements. Selenium 4 introduced these locators to make test scripts more readable and robust.

📍 Types of Relative Locators in Selenium 4

• above() – Finds element above another element
• below() – Finds element below another element
• near() – Finds element near another element
• toRightOf() – Finds element to the right of another element
• toLeftOf() – Finds element to the left of another element

💻 Selenium 4 Relative Locators Example (Java)

import static org.openqa.selenium.support.locators.RelativeLocator.with;

WebElement password = driver.findElement(By.id("password"));
WebElement username = driver.findElement(with(By.tagName("input")).above(password));

WebElement loginBtn = driver.findElement(with(By.tagName("button")).below(password));
WebElement rememberMe = driver.findElement(with(By.tagName("input")).toLeftOf(loginBtn));
WebElement helpLink = driver.findElement(with(By.tagName("a")).near(loginBtn));
  

🔄 Difference: Selenium 3 Locators vs Selenium 4 Relative Locators

📚 Prerequisites

• Java Programming Basics
• Java JDK Installation
• Eclipse IDE Setup
• Selenium 4 Maven Setup
• Understanding Selenium WebDriver

❓ Common Interview Questions

🎥 Watch the Complete Video Tutorial

👉 Watch on YouTube: Selenium 4 Relative Locators Tutorial

🎓 Key Takeaways

• Selenium 4 introduced Relative Locators for easy element identification
• above, below, near, toRightOf, toLeftOf improve locator readability
• Reduces dependency on complex XPath
• Improves test stability and maintainability

🚀 Created with ❤️ by Bhau Automation Lab