What is Functional Testing?
Functional Testing verifies that each function of the software application operates in conformance with the requirement specification. It focuses on what the system does, rather than how it does it.
Objectives of Functional Testing
- Ensure that software functions according to specifications
- Detect functional defects in the system
- Validate user interactions and business logic
Advantages
- Ensures software meets the expected behavior
- Detects functional issues early
- Helps improve software reliability
Limitations
- Does not cover non-functional aspects like performance
- Limited by the quality of test cases
- May not detect all integration issues
Functional Testing Process
- Understand functional requirements
- Create functional test cases
- Execute test cases
- Report defects
- Re-test and validate fixes
️ Example
Example: Testing the login feature of an e-commerce website to verify that users can log in with valid credentials and get appropriate error messages for invalid inputs.
Best Practices
- Design test cases covering all functional scenarios
- Prioritize critical functions for testing
- Use both positive and negative test cases
- Maintain proper documentation of test results
